NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - The number of U.S. babies born to teen mothers dropped to record lows in 2011, according to new data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Fewer women also gave birth in their 20s than in prior years, researchers found - but the birth rate increased for those in their late 30s and early 40s.
"The economy has
declined, and that certainly is a factor that goes into people's
decisions about having a child," said CDC statistician Brady Hamilton, lead author of the new report.
"Women may say to themselves, ‘It's not a particularly
good time right now… let's wait a little bit,'" he told Reuters Health.
Older women, however, are typically more secure in
their employment, he said - and understand that they don't have as long
to wait if they want to get pregnant.
The new data were published Monday in the journal
Pediatrics. They showed an eight-percent drop in teen births between
2010 and 2011. Just over three percent of 15- to 19-year-olds had babies
during that period.
Hamilton and his
colleagues calculated that 3.6 million more babies would have been born
to women in that age group over the last two decades had the teen birth rate not been falling since a peak in 1991.
On the other end of the spectrum, the birth rate among
35- to 39-year-olds increased by three percent over 2010 figures. In
2011, 4.7 percent of women in their late 30s and just over one percent
in their early 40s had a baby, the CDC team found.
Other results from the vital statistics report showed a
continued decline in babies born prematurely or small, and an unchanged
rate of infant deaths.
Black and Hispanic mothers continued to be more likely
to have a premature baby than white women, but rates declined among all
races. Infant mortality was more than twice as high among babies born to
black mothers as in babies of white moms, death records showed.
Hamilton said the decline in teen births, in
particular, is especially "welcome news" and reflects the efforts of
programs and policies targeting that age group.
"It's definitely consistent with the trends that we've seen, and it's obviously good news overall," said Dr. Krishna Upadhya, who studies teen pregnancy at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore.
"I think the main thing behind this is increased
contraceptive use, and better contraceptive use," Upadhya, who wasn't
involved in the new research, told Reuters Health.
However, she added, there are still some parts of the
country where both condoms and long-acting forms of contraception, such
as intrauterine devices (IUDs), are harder for teens to access.
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